diff --git a/admission/admission.go b/admission/admission.go
index 2723594b..dda09b8f 100644
--- a/admission/admission.go
+++ b/admission/admission.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/logger"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/matcher"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 )
 
 type options struct {
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ type localAdmission struct {
 	mu          sync.RWMutex
 	cancelFunc  context.CancelFunc
 	options     options
+	logger      logger.Logger
 }
 
 // NewAdmission creates and initializes a new Admission using matcher patterns as its match rules.
@@ -85,18 +87,17 @@ func NewAdmission(opts ...Option) admission.Admission {
 		opt(&options)
 	}
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.TODO())
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	p := &localAdmission{
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
 		options:    options,
+		logger:     options.logger,
+	}
+	if p.logger == nil {
+		p.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if p.options.period > 0 {
-		go p.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go p.periodReload(ctx)
 
 	return p
 }
@@ -117,13 +118,20 @@ func (p *localAdmission) Admit(ctx context.Context, addr string, opts ...admissi
 		p.options.whitelist && matched
 
 	if !b {
-		p.options.logger.Debugf("%s is denied", addr)
+		p.logger.Debugf("%s is denied", addr)
 	}
 	return b
 }
 
 func (p *localAdmission) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := p.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
@@ -134,7 +142,7 @@ func (p *localAdmission) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -162,7 +170,7 @@ func (p *localAdmission) reload(ctx context.Context) error {
 			continue
 		}
 		if ipAddr, _ := net.ResolveIPAddr("ip", pattern); ipAddr != nil {
-			p.options.logger.Debugf("resolve IP: %s -> %s", pattern, ipAddr)
+			p.logger.Debugf("resolve IP: %s -> %s", pattern, ipAddr)
 			ips = append(ips, ipAddr.IP)
 		}
 	}
@@ -181,7 +189,7 @@ func (p *localAdmission) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error
 		if lister, ok := p.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				if line := p.parseLine(s); line != "" {
@@ -191,7 +199,7 @@ func (p *localAdmission) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error
 		} else {
 			r, er := p.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if v, _ := p.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
@@ -202,13 +210,13 @@ func (p *localAdmission) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error
 		if lister, ok := p.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			patterns = append(patterns, list...)
 		} else {
 			r, er := p.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if v, _ := p.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
@@ -219,14 +227,14 @@ func (p *localAdmission) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error
 	if p.options.httpLoader != nil {
 		r, er := p.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			p.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			p.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		if v, _ := p.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 			patterns = append(patterns, v...)
 		}
 	}
 
-	p.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
+	p.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
 	return
 }
 
diff --git a/auth/auth.go b/auth/auth.go
index ef35f03c..88d7fe68 100644
--- a/auth/auth.go
+++ b/auth/auth.go
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ type authenticator struct {
 	mu         sync.RWMutex
 	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
 	options    options
+	logger     logger.Logger
 }
 
 // NewAuthenticator creates an Authenticator that authenticates client by pre-defined user mapping.
@@ -75,23 +76,19 @@ func NewAuthenticator(opts ...Option) auth.Authenticator {
 	for _, opt := range opts {
 		opt(&options)
 	}
-	if options.logger == nil {
-		options.logger = xlogger.Nop()
-	}
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.TODO())
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 	p := &authenticator{
 		kvs:        make(map[string]string),
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
 		options:    options,
+		logger:     options.logger,
+	}
+	if p.logger == nil {
+		p.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if p.options.period > 0 {
-		go p.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go p.periodReload(ctx)
 
 	return p
 }
@@ -114,7 +111,14 @@ func (p *authenticator) Authenticate(ctx context.Context, user, password string,
 }
 
 func (p *authenticator) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := p.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
@@ -125,7 +129,7 @@ func (p *authenticator) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -145,7 +149,7 @@ func (p *authenticator) reload(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 		kvs[k] = v
 	}
 
-	p.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(m))
+	p.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(m))
 
 	p.mu.Lock()
 	defer p.mu.Unlock()
@@ -162,13 +166,13 @@ func (p *authenticator) load(ctx context.Context) (m map[string]string, err erro
 		if mapper, ok := p.options.fileLoader.(loader.Mapper); ok {
 			auths, er := mapper.Map(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			m = auths
 		} else {
 			r, er := p.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if auths, _ := p.parseAuths(r); auths != nil {
 				m = auths
@@ -179,7 +183,7 @@ func (p *authenticator) load(ctx context.Context) (m map[string]string, err erro
 		if mapper, ok := p.options.fileLoader.(loader.Mapper); ok {
 			auths, er := mapper.Map(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for k, v := range auths {
 				m[k] = v
@@ -187,7 +191,7 @@ func (p *authenticator) load(ctx context.Context) (m map[string]string, err erro
 		} else {
 			r, er := p.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if auths, _ := p.parseAuths(r); auths != nil {
 				for k, v := range auths {
@@ -199,7 +203,7 @@ func (p *authenticator) load(ctx context.Context) (m map[string]string, err erro
 	if p.options.httpLoader != nil {
 		r, er := p.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			p.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			p.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		if auths, _ := p.parseAuths(r); auths != nil {
 			for k, v := range auths {
diff --git a/bypass/bypass.go b/bypass/bypass.go
index 62835cec..93ad176f 100644
--- a/bypass/bypass.go
+++ b/bypass/bypass.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/matcher"
 	xnet "github.com/go-gost/x/internal/net"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -82,9 +83,10 @@ type localBypass struct {
 	addrMatcher     matcher.Matcher
 	wildcardMatcher matcher.Matcher
 	ipRangeMatcher  matcher.Matcher
-	cancelFunc      context.CancelFunc
 	options         options
+	logger          logger.Logger
 	mu              sync.RWMutex
+	cancelFunc      context.CancelFunc
 }
 
 // NewBypass creates and initializes a new Bypass.
@@ -95,36 +97,43 @@ func NewBypass(opts ...Option) bypass.Bypass {
 		opt(&options)
 	}
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.TODO())
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
 
-	bp := &localBypass{
+	p := &localBypass{
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
 		options:    options,
+		logger:     options.logger,
+	}
+	if p.logger == nil {
+		p.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := bp.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if bp.options.period > 0 {
-		go bp.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go p.periodReload(ctx)
 
-	return bp
+	return p
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
-	period := bp.options.period
+func (p *localBypass) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	period := p.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
+
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(period)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
 	for {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
-			if err := bp.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				bp.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+			if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+				p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -133,13 +142,13 @@ func (bp *localBypass) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) reload(ctx context.Context) error {
-	v, err := bp.load(ctx)
+func (p *localBypass) reload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	v, err := p.load(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	patterns := append(bp.options.matchers, v...)
-	bp.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
+	patterns := append(p.options.matchers, v...)
+	p.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
 
 	var addrs []string
 	var inets []*net.IPNet
@@ -165,62 +174,62 @@ func (bp *localBypass) reload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		addrs = append(addrs, pattern)
 	}
 
-	bp.mu.Lock()
-	defer bp.mu.Unlock()
+	p.mu.Lock()
+	defer p.mu.Unlock()
 
-	bp.cidrMatcher = matcher.CIDRMatcher(inets)
-	bp.addrMatcher = matcher.AddrMatcher(addrs)
-	bp.wildcardMatcher = matcher.WildcardMatcher(wildcards)
-	bp.ipRangeMatcher = matcher.IPRangeMatcher(ipRanges)
+	p.cidrMatcher = matcher.CIDRMatcher(inets)
+	p.addrMatcher = matcher.AddrMatcher(addrs)
+	p.wildcardMatcher = matcher.WildcardMatcher(wildcards)
+	p.ipRangeMatcher = matcher.IPRangeMatcher(ipRanges)
 
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
-	if bp.options.fileLoader != nil {
-		if lister, ok := bp.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
+func (p *localBypass) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
+	if p.options.fileLoader != nil {
+		if lister, ok := p.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				bp.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
-				if line := bp.parseLine(s); line != "" {
+				if line := p.parseLine(s); line != "" {
 					patterns = append(patterns, line)
 				}
 			}
 		} else {
-			r, er := bp.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
+			r, er := p.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				bp.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
-			if v, _ := bp.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
+			if v, _ := p.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if bp.options.redisLoader != nil {
-		if lister, ok := bp.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
+	if p.options.redisLoader != nil {
+		if lister, ok := p.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				bp.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			patterns = append(patterns, list...)
 		} else {
-			r, er := bp.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
+			r, er := p.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				bp.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				p.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
-			if v, _ := bp.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
+			if v, _ := p.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	if bp.options.httpLoader != nil {
-		r, er := bp.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
+	if p.options.httpLoader != nil {
+		r, er := p.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			bp.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			p.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
-		if v, _ := bp.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
+		if v, _ := p.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 			patterns = append(patterns, v...)
 		}
 	}
@@ -228,14 +237,14 @@ func (bp *localBypass) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error)
 	return
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) parsePatterns(r io.Reader) (patterns []string, err error) {
+func (p *localBypass) parsePatterns(r io.Reader) (patterns []string, err error) {
 	if r == nil {
 		return
 	}
 
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r)
 	for scanner.Scan() {
-		if line := bp.parseLine(scanner.Text()); line != "" {
+		if line := p.parseLine(scanner.Text()); line != "" {
 			patterns = append(patterns, line)
 		}
 	}
@@ -244,24 +253,24 @@ func (bp *localBypass) parsePatterns(r io.Reader) (patterns []string, err error)
 	return
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) Contains(ctx context.Context, network, addr string, opts ...bypass.Option) bool {
-	if addr == "" || bp == nil {
+func (p *localBypass) Contains(ctx context.Context, network, addr string, opts ...bypass.Option) bool {
+	if addr == "" || p == nil {
 		return false
 	}
 
-	matched := bp.matched(addr)
+	matched := p.matched(addr)
 
-	b := !bp.options.whitelist && matched ||
-		bp.options.whitelist && !matched
+	b := !p.options.whitelist && matched ||
+		p.options.whitelist && !matched
 
-	log := bp.options.logger.WithFields(map[string]any{
+	log := p.logger.WithFields(map[string]any{
 		"sid": ctxvalue.SidFromContext(ctx),
 	})
 
 	if b {
-		log.Debugf("bypass: %s, whitelist: %t", addr, bp.options.whitelist)
+		log.Debugf("bypass: %s, whitelist: %t", addr, p.options.whitelist)
 	} else {
-		log.Debugf("pass: %s, whitelist: %t", addr, bp.options.whitelist)
+		log.Debugf("pass: %s, whitelist: %t", addr, p.options.whitelist)
 	}
 	return b
 }
@@ -270,22 +279,22 @@ func (p *localBypass) IsWhitelist() bool {
 	return p.options.whitelist
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) parseLine(s string) string {
+func (p *localBypass) parseLine(s string) string {
 	if n := strings.IndexByte(s, '#'); n >= 0 {
 		s = s[:n]
 	}
 	return strings.TrimSpace(s)
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) matched(addr string) bool {
-	bp.mu.RLock()
-	defer bp.mu.RUnlock()
+func (p *localBypass) matched(addr string) bool {
+	p.mu.RLock()
+	defer p.mu.RUnlock()
 
-	if bp.ipRangeMatcher.Match(addr) {
+	if p.ipRangeMatcher.Match(addr) {
 		return true
 	}
 
-	if bp.addrMatcher.Match(addr) {
+	if p.addrMatcher.Match(addr) {
 		return true
 	}
 
@@ -294,20 +303,20 @@ func (bp *localBypass) matched(addr string) bool {
 		host = addr
 	}
 
-	if ip := net.ParseIP(host); ip != nil && bp.cidrMatcher.Match(host) {
+	if ip := net.ParseIP(host); ip != nil && p.cidrMatcher.Match(host) {
 		return true
 	}
 
-	return bp.wildcardMatcher.Match(addr)
+	return p.wildcardMatcher.Match(addr)
 }
 
-func (bp *localBypass) Close() error {
-	bp.cancelFunc()
-	if bp.options.fileLoader != nil {
-		bp.options.fileLoader.Close()
+func (p *localBypass) Close() error {
+	p.cancelFunc()
+	if p.options.fileLoader != nil {
+		p.options.fileLoader.Close()
 	}
-	if bp.options.redisLoader != nil {
-		bp.options.redisLoader.Close()
+	if p.options.redisLoader != nil {
+		p.options.redisLoader.Close()
 	}
 	return nil
 }
diff --git a/hop/hop.go b/hop/hop.go
index a7cc4817..f94c8a34 100644
--- a/hop/hop.go
+++ b/hop/hop.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/config"
 	node_parser "github.com/go-gost/x/config/parsing/node"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 )
 
 type options struct {
@@ -89,9 +90,10 @@ func LoggerOption(logger logger.Logger) Option {
 
 type chainHop struct {
 	nodes      []*chain.Node
+	options    options
+	logger     logger.Logger
 	mu         sync.RWMutex
 	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
-	options    options
 }
 
 func NewHop(opts ...Option) hop.Hop {
@@ -106,15 +108,15 @@ func NewHop(opts ...Option) hop.Hop {
 	p := &chainHop{
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
 		options:    options,
+		logger:     options.logger,
 	}
 
-	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if p.options.period > 0 {
-		go p.periodReload(ctx)
+	if p.logger == nil {
+		p.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
+	go p.periodReload(ctx)
+
 	return p
 }
 
@@ -133,7 +135,7 @@ func (p *chainHop) Select(ctx context.Context, opts ...hop.SelectOption) *chain.
 		opt(&options)
 	}
 
-	log := p.options.logger
+	log := p.logger
 
 	// hop level bypass
 	if p.options.bypass != nil &&
@@ -258,10 +260,18 @@ func (p *chainHop) checkPath(path string, node *chain.Node) bool {
 }
 
 func (p *chainHop) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := p.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
+
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(period)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
@@ -269,10 +279,10 @@ func (p *chainHop) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				p.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				p.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
-			p.options.logger.Debug("hop reload done")
+			p.logger.Debug("hop reload done")
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			return ctx.Err()
 		}
@@ -286,7 +296,7 @@ func (p *chainHop) reload(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 
 	nodes = append(nodes, nl...)
 
-	p.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(nodes))
+	p.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(nodes))
 
 	p.mu.Lock()
 	defer p.mu.Unlock()
@@ -300,7 +310,7 @@ func (p *chainHop) load(ctx context.Context) (nodes []*chain.Node, err error) {
 	if loader := p.options.fileLoader; loader != nil {
 		r, er := loader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			p.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+			p.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		nodes, _ = p.parseNode(r)
 	}
@@ -308,7 +318,7 @@ func (p *chainHop) load(ctx context.Context) (nodes []*chain.Node, err error) {
 	if loader := p.options.redisLoader; loader != nil {
 		r, er := loader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			p.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+			p.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		ns, _ := p.parseNode(r)
 		nodes = append(nodes, ns...)
@@ -317,7 +327,7 @@ func (p *chainHop) load(ctx context.Context) (nodes []*chain.Node, err error) {
 	if loader := p.options.httpLoader; loader != nil {
 		r, er := loader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			p.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			p.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		if ns, _ := p.parseNode(r); ns != nil {
 			nodes = append(nodes, ns...)
diff --git a/hosts/hosts.go b/hosts/hosts.go
index a7093f45..3f9eee28 100644
--- a/hosts/hosts.go
+++ b/hosts/hosts.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/hosts"
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/logger"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 )
 
 type Mapping struct {
@@ -73,9 +74,10 @@ func LoggerOption(logger logger.Logger) Option {
 // Text from a "#" character until the end of the line is a comment, and is ignored.
 type hostMapper struct {
 	mappings   map[string][]net.IP
+	options    options
+	logger     logger.Logger
 	mu         sync.RWMutex
 	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
-	options    options
 }
 
 func NewHostMapper(opts ...Option) hosts.HostMapper {
@@ -89,14 +91,13 @@ func NewHostMapper(opts ...Option) hosts.HostMapper {
 		mappings:   make(map[string][]net.IP),
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
 		options:    options,
+		logger:     options.logger,
+	}
+	if p.logger == nil {
+		p.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := p.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if p.options.period > 0 {
-		go p.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go p.periodReload(ctx)
 
 	return p
 }
@@ -167,10 +168,18 @@ func (h *hostMapper) lookup(host string) []net.IP {
 }
 
 func (h *hostMapper) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := h.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		h.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := h.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
+
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(period)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
@@ -178,10 +187,10 @@ func (h *hostMapper) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := h.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				h.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				h.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
-			h.options.logger.Debug("hosts reload done")
+			h.logger.Debug("hosts reload done")
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			return ctx.Err()
 		}
@@ -215,7 +224,7 @@ func (h *hostMapper) reload(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 		mapf(m[i].Hostname, m[i].IP)
 	}
 
-	h.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(mappings))
+	h.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(mappings))
 
 	h.mu.Lock()
 	defer h.mu.Unlock()
@@ -230,7 +239,7 @@ func (h *hostMapper) load(ctx context.Context) (mappings []Mapping, err error) {
 		if lister, ok := h.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				h.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				h.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				mappings = append(mappings, h.parseLine(s)...)
@@ -238,7 +247,7 @@ func (h *hostMapper) load(ctx context.Context) (mappings []Mapping, err error) {
 		} else {
 			r, er := h.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				h.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				h.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			mappings, _ = h.parseMapping(r)
 		}
@@ -248,7 +257,7 @@ func (h *hostMapper) load(ctx context.Context) (mappings []Mapping, err error) {
 		if lister, ok := h.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				h.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				h.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				mappings = append(mappings, h.parseLine(s)...)
@@ -256,7 +265,7 @@ func (h *hostMapper) load(ctx context.Context) (mappings []Mapping, err error) {
 		} else {
 			r, er := h.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				h.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				h.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if m, _ := h.parseMapping(r); m != nil {
 				mappings = append(mappings, m...)
@@ -266,7 +275,7 @@ func (h *hostMapper) load(ctx context.Context) (mappings []Mapping, err error) {
 	if h.options.httpLoader != nil {
 		r, er := h.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			h.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			h.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		if m, _ := h.parseMapping(r); m != nil {
 			mappings = append(mappings, m...)
diff --git a/ingress/ingress.go b/ingress/ingress.go
index e6487afb..e40be772 100644
--- a/ingress/ingress.go
+++ b/ingress/ingress.go
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/ingress"
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/logger"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 )
 
 type options struct {
@@ -63,9 +64,10 @@ func LoggerOption(logger logger.Logger) Option {
 
 type localIngress struct {
 	rules      map[string]*ingress.Rule
-	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
 	options    options
+	logger     logger.Logger
 	mu         sync.RWMutex
+	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
 }
 
 // NewIngress creates and initializes a new Ingress.
@@ -80,23 +82,30 @@ func NewIngress(opts ...Option) ingress.Ingress {
 	ing := &localIngress{
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
 		options:    options,
+		logger:     options.logger,
+	}
+	if ing.logger == nil {
+		ing.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := ing.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if ing.options.period > 0 {
-		go ing.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go ing.periodReload(ctx)
 
 	return ing
 }
 
 func (ing *localIngress) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := ing.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		ing.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := ing.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
+
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(period)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
@@ -104,7 +113,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := ing.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				ing.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				ing.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -139,7 +148,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) reload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		fn(rule)
 	}
 
-	ing.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(rules))
+	ing.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(rules))
 
 	ing.mu.Lock()
 	defer ing.mu.Unlock()
@@ -154,7 +163,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) load(ctx context.Context) (rules []*ingress.Rule, err e
 		if lister, ok := ing.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				ing.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				ing.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				rules = append(rules, ing.parseLine(s))
@@ -162,7 +171,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) load(ctx context.Context) (rules []*ingress.Rule, err e
 		} else {
 			r, er := ing.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				ing.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				ing.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if v, _ := ing.parseRules(r); v != nil {
 				rules = append(rules, v...)
@@ -173,7 +182,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) load(ctx context.Context) (rules []*ingress.Rule, err e
 		if lister, ok := ing.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				ing.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				ing.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, v := range list {
 				rules = append(rules, ing.parseLine(v))
@@ -181,7 +190,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) load(ctx context.Context) (rules []*ingress.Rule, err e
 		} else {
 			r, er := ing.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				ing.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				ing.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			v, _ := ing.parseRules(r)
 			rules = append(rules, v...)
@@ -190,7 +199,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) load(ctx context.Context) (rules []*ingress.Rule, err e
 	if ing.options.httpLoader != nil {
 		r, er := ing.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			ing.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			ing.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		v, _ := ing.parseRules(r)
 		rules = append(rules, v...)
@@ -225,7 +234,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) GetRule(ctx context.Context, host string, opts ...ingre
 		host = v
 	}
 
-	ing.options.logger.Debugf("ingress: lookup %s", host)
+	ing.logger.Debugf("ingress: lookup %s", host)
 	ep := ing.lookup(host)
 	if ep == nil {
 		ep = ing.lookup("." + host)
@@ -245,7 +254,7 @@ func (ing *localIngress) GetRule(ctx context.Context, host string, opts ...ingre
 	}
 
 	if ep != nil {
-		ing.options.logger.Debugf("ingress: %s -> %s:%s", host, ep.Hostname, ep.Endpoint)
+		ing.logger.Debugf("ingress: %s -> %s:%s", host, ep.Hostname, ep.Endpoint)
 	}
 
 	return ep
diff --git a/limiter/conn/conn.go b/limiter/conn/conn.go
index 2ec51070..a61d0dc8 100644
--- a/limiter/conn/conn.go
+++ b/limiter/conn/conn.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	limiter "github.com/go-gost/core/limiter/conn"
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/logger"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 	"github.com/yl2chen/cidranger"
 )
 
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ type connLimiter struct {
 	mu         sync.Mutex
 	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
 	options    options
+	logger     logger.Logger
 }
 
 func NewConnLimiter(opts ...Option) limiter.ConnLimiter {
@@ -90,14 +92,14 @@ func NewConnLimiter(opts ...Option) limiter.ConnLimiter {
 		limits:     make(map[string]limiter.Limiter),
 		options:    options,
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
+		logger:     options.logger,
+	}
+	if lim.logger == nil {
+		lim.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := lim.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if lim.options.period > 0 {
-		go lim.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go lim.periodReload(ctx)
+
 	return lim
 }
 
@@ -150,18 +152,26 @@ func (l *connLimiter) Limiter(key string) limiter.Limiter {
 	}
 	l.limits[key] = lim
 
-	if lim != nil && l.options.logger != nil {
-		l.options.logger.Debugf("conn limit for %s: %d", key, lim.Limit())
+	if lim != nil && l.logger != nil {
+		l.logger.Debugf("conn limit for %s: %d", key, lim.Limit())
 	}
 
 	return lim
 }
 
 func (l *connLimiter) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := l.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		l.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := l.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
+
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(period)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
@@ -169,7 +179,7 @@ func (l *connLimiter) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := l.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				l.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -228,7 +238,7 @@ func (l *connLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 		if lister, ok := l.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				if line := l.parseLine(s); line != "" {
@@ -238,7 +248,7 @@ func (l *connLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 		} else {
 			r, er := l.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if v, _ := l.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
@@ -249,13 +259,13 @@ func (l *connLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 		if lister, ok := l.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			patterns = append(patterns, list...)
 		} else {
 			r, er := l.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if v, _ := l.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
@@ -265,14 +275,14 @@ func (l *connLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 	if l.options.httpLoader != nil {
 		r, er := l.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			l.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			l.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		if v, _ := l.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 			patterns = append(patterns, v...)
 		}
 	}
 
-	l.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
+	l.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
 	return
 }
 
diff --git a/limiter/rate/rate.go b/limiter/rate/rate.go
index 34616158..b7f91551 100644
--- a/limiter/rate/rate.go
+++ b/limiter/rate/rate.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	limiter "github.com/go-gost/core/limiter/rate"
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/logger"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 	"github.com/yl2chen/cidranger"
 )
 
@@ -75,6 +76,7 @@ type rateLimiter struct {
 	mu         sync.Mutex
 	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
 	options    options
+	logger     logger.Logger
 }
 
 func NewRateLimiter(opts ...Option) limiter.RateLimiter {
@@ -90,14 +92,14 @@ func NewRateLimiter(opts ...Option) limiter.RateLimiter {
 		limits:     make(map[string]limiter.Limiter),
 		options:    options,
 		cancelFunc: cancel,
+		logger:     options.logger,
+	}
+	if lim.logger == nil {
+		lim.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := lim.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if lim.options.period > 0 {
-		go lim.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go lim.periodReload(ctx)
+
 	return lim
 }
 
@@ -150,18 +152,26 @@ func (l *rateLimiter) Limiter(key string) limiter.Limiter {
 	}
 	l.limits[key] = lim
 
-	if lim != nil && l.options.logger != nil {
-		l.options.logger.Debugf("input limit for %s: %d", key, lim.Limit())
+	if lim != nil && l.logger != nil {
+		l.logger.Debugf("input limit for %s: %d", key, lim.Limit())
 	}
 
 	return lim
 }
 
 func (l *rateLimiter) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := l.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		l.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := l.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
+
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(period)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
@@ -169,7 +179,7 @@ func (l *rateLimiter) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := l.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				l.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -228,7 +238,7 @@ func (l *rateLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 		if lister, ok := l.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				if line := l.parseLine(s); line != "" {
@@ -238,7 +248,7 @@ func (l *rateLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 		} else {
 			r, er := l.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if v, _ := l.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
@@ -249,13 +259,13 @@ func (l *rateLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 		if lister, ok := l.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			patterns = append(patterns, list...)
 		} else {
 			r, er := l.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			if v, _ := l.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 				patterns = append(patterns, v...)
@@ -265,14 +275,14 @@ func (l *rateLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (patterns []string, err error) {
 	if l.options.httpLoader != nil {
 		r, er := l.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			l.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			l.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		if v, _ := l.parsePatterns(r); v != nil {
 			patterns = append(patterns, v...)
 		}
 	}
 
-	l.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
+	l.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(patterns))
 	return
 }
 
diff --git a/limiter/traffic/traffic.go b/limiter/traffic/traffic.go
index 6f9c2b25..b4276688 100644
--- a/limiter/traffic/traffic.go
+++ b/limiter/traffic/traffic.go
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/limiter/traffic"
 	"github.com/go-gost/core/logger"
 	"github.com/go-gost/x/internal/loader"
+	xlogger "github.com/go-gost/x/logger"
 	"github.com/patrickmn/go-cache"
 	"github.com/yl2chen/cidranger"
 )
@@ -89,9 +90,10 @@ type trafficLimiter struct {
 	// service level in/out limits
 	inLimits   *cache.Cache
 	outLimits  *cache.Cache
+	options    options
+	logger     logger.Logger
 	mu         sync.RWMutex
 	cancelFunc context.CancelFunc
-	options    options
 }
 
 func NewTrafficLimiter(opts ...Option) traffic.TrafficLimiter {
@@ -109,14 +111,14 @@ func NewTrafficLimiter(opts ...Option) traffic.TrafficLimiter {
 		outLimits:      cache.New(defaultExpiration, cleanupInterval),
 		options:        options,
 		cancelFunc:     cancel,
+		logger:         options.logger,
+	}
+	if lim.logger == nil {
+		lim.logger = xlogger.Nop()
 	}
 
-	if err := lim.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-		options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
-	}
-	if lim.options.period > 0 {
-		go lim.periodReload(ctx)
-	}
+	go lim.periodReload(ctx)
+
 	return lim
 }
 
@@ -192,8 +194,8 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) In(ctx context.Context, key string, opts ...limiter.Opt
 		lim = newLimiterGroup(lims...)
 	}
 
-	if lim != nil && l.options.logger != nil {
-		l.options.logger.Debugf("input limit for %s: %s", key, lim)
+	if lim != nil && l.logger != nil {
+		l.logger.Debugf("input limit for %s: %s", key, lim)
 	}
 
 	return lim
@@ -271,18 +273,26 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) Out(ctx context.Context, key string, opts ...limiter.Op
 		lim = newLimiterGroup(lims...)
 	}
 
-	if lim != nil && l.options.logger != nil {
-		l.options.logger.Debugf("output limit for %s: %s", key, lim)
+	if lim != nil && l.logger != nil {
+		l.logger.Debugf("output limit for %s: %s", key, lim)
 	}
 
 	return lim
 }
 
 func (l *trafficLimiter) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
+	if err := l.reload(ctx); err != nil {
+		l.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	period := l.options.period
+	if period <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	if period < time.Second {
 		period = time.Second
 	}
+
 	ticker := time.NewTicker(period)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
 
@@ -290,7 +300,7 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) periodReload(ctx context.Context) error {
 		select {
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if err := l.reload(ctx); err != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
+				l.logger.Warnf("reload: %v", err)
 				// return err
 			}
 		case <-ctx.Done():
@@ -481,7 +491,7 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (values map[string]limitValue
 		if lister, ok := l.options.fileLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				key, in, out := l.parseLimit(l.parseLine(s))
@@ -493,7 +503,7 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (values map[string]limitValue
 		} else {
 			r, er := l.options.fileLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("file loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			patterns, _ := l.parsePatterns(r)
 			for _, s := range patterns {
@@ -509,7 +519,7 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (values map[string]limitValue
 		if lister, ok := l.options.redisLoader.(loader.Lister); ok {
 			list, er := lister.List(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			for _, s := range list {
 				key, in, out := l.parseLimit(l.parseLine(s))
@@ -521,7 +531,7 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (values map[string]limitValue
 		} else {
 			r, er := l.options.redisLoader.Load(ctx)
 			if er != nil {
-				l.options.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
+				l.logger.Warnf("redis loader: %v", er)
 			}
 			patterns, _ := l.parsePatterns(r)
 			for _, s := range patterns {
@@ -536,7 +546,7 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (values map[string]limitValue
 	if l.options.httpLoader != nil {
 		r, er := l.options.httpLoader.Load(ctx)
 		if er != nil {
-			l.options.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
+			l.logger.Warnf("http loader: %v", er)
 		}
 		patterns, _ := l.parsePatterns(r)
 		for _, s := range patterns {
@@ -548,7 +558,7 @@ func (l *trafficLimiter) load(ctx context.Context) (values map[string]limitValue
 		}
 	}
 
-	l.options.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(values))
+	l.logger.Debugf("load items %d", len(values))
 	return
 }
 
diff --git a/listener/tungo/tun_darwin.go b/listener/tungo/tun_darwin.go
index d1f20c92..e14b8e8e 100644
--- a/listener/tungo/tun_darwin.go
+++ b/listener/tungo/tun_darwin.go
@@ -31,8 +31,14 @@ func (l *tunListener) createTun() (ifce io.ReadWriteCloser, name string, ip net.
 		cmd := fmt.Sprintf("ifconfig %s inet %s %s mtu %d up",
 			name, l.md.config.Net[0].String(), peer, l.md.config.MTU)
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
+
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if err = exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); err != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, string(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 			return
 		}
 		ip = l.md.config.Net[0].IP
@@ -50,8 +56,12 @@ func (l *tunListener) addRoutes(ifName string) error {
 		cmd := fmt.Sprintf("route add -net %s -interface %s", route.Net.String(), ifName)
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if err := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); err != nil {
-			return err
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, string(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
diff --git a/listener/tungo/tun_linux.go b/listener/tungo/tun_linux.go
index cac510aa..5d61d66a 100644
--- a/listener/tungo/tun_linux.go
+++ b/listener/tungo/tun_linux.go
@@ -64,7 +64,11 @@ func (l *tunListener) createTun() (dev io.ReadWriteCloser, name string, ip net.I
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); er != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, string(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/listener/tungo/tun_other.go b/listener/tungo/tun_other.go
index a2a5c85d..8bab9a6f 100644
--- a/listener/tungo/tun_other.go
+++ b/listener/tungo/tun_other.go
@@ -31,7 +31,11 @@ func (l *tunListener) createTun() (ifce io.ReadWriteCloser, name string, ip net.
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); er != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, string(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 			return
 		}
@@ -50,7 +54,11 @@ func (l *tunListener) addRoutes(ifName string) error {
 		cmd := fmt.Sprintf("route add -net %s -interface %s", route.Net.String(), ifName)
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); er != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, string(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/listener/tungo/tun_windows.go b/listener/tungo/tun_windows.go
index 74494191..402be418 100644
--- a/listener/tungo/tun_windows.go
+++ b/listener/tungo/tun_windows.go
@@ -40,12 +40,16 @@ func (l *tunListener) createTun() (ifce io.ReadWriteCloser, name string, ip net.
 		return
 	}
 
-	if l.md.config.MTU > 0  {
+	if l.md.config.MTU > 0 {
 		cmd := fmt.Sprintf("netsh interface ip set subinterface %s mtu=%d", name, l.md.config.MTU)
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); er != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, windows.ByteSliceToString(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 			return
 		}
@@ -59,7 +63,11 @@ func (l *tunListener) createTun() (ifce io.ReadWriteCloser, name string, ip net.
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); er != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, windows.ByteSliceToString(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 			return
 		}
@@ -75,7 +83,11 @@ func (l *tunListener) createTun() (ifce io.ReadWriteCloser, name string, ip net.
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); er != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, windows.ByteSliceToString(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 			return
 		}
@@ -95,7 +107,11 @@ func (l *tunListener) addRoutes(ifName string, gw net.IP) error {
 		}
 		l.log.Debug(cmd)
 		args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-		if er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run(); er != nil {
+		output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+		if len(output) > 0 {
+			l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, windows.ByteSliceToString(output))
+		}
+		if er != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
 		}
 	}
@@ -107,7 +123,14 @@ func (l *tunListener) deleteRoute(ifName string, route string) error {
 		route, ifName)
 	l.log.Debug(cmd)
 	args := strings.Split(cmd, " ")
-	return exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).Run()
+	output, er := exec.Command(args[0], args[1:]...).CombinedOutput()
+	if len(output) > 0 {
+		l.log.Debugf("%s: %s", cmd, windows.ByteSliceToString(output))
+	}
+	if er != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s: %v", cmd, er)
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func ipMask(mask net.IPMask) string {
diff --git a/service/service.go b/service/service.go
index 68b61d17..772cf370 100644
--- a/service/service.go
+++ b/service/service.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net"
+	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
@@ -326,8 +327,8 @@ func (s *defaultService) execCmd(cmd string) error {
 		return errors.New("invalid command")
 	}
 	c := exec.Command(ss[0], ss[1:]...)
-	// c.Stdout = os.Stdout
-	// c.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	c.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	c.Stderr = os.Stderr
 	return c.Run()
 }